Formula Guide

Conversion Rate Formula: The Complete
Ecommerce Conversion Guide

Master the conversion rate formula with step-by-step examples, industry benchmarks, and proven optimization strategies.

The Conversion Rate Formula

Conversion Rate = (Conversions ÷ Visitors) × 100

Result is expressed as a percentage

Conversions

The number of completed desired actions—typically purchases for ecommerce stores.

Visitors

Total sessions or unique visitors during the measurement period. Be consistent with your choice.

Result

A percentage showing what portion of visitors complete the desired action.

Quick Example

Your store had 10,000 sessions last month and 250 orders.

Conversion Rate = (250 ÷ 10,000) × 100 = 2.5%

2.5% of your visitors converted into paying customers.

Track Conversion Rates Automatically

StoreRadar calculates conversion rates across your entire funnel—from product views to purchases—for every traffic source.

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Conversion Rate Formula Variations

Different ways to measure conversion across your funnel

Basic Conversion Rate
Formula
(Conversions ÷ Visitors) × 100
Example
(150 ÷ 5,000) × 100 = 3.0%
Use Case
Overall store performance measurement

The standard formula. Use total sessions or unique visitors consistently.

Add-to-Cart Rate
Formula
(Add to Carts ÷ Visitors) × 100
Example
(400 ÷ 5,000) × 100 = 8.0%
Use Case
Measure product page effectiveness

Healthy stores see 8-15% add-to-cart rates. Low rates indicate product or pricing issues.

Cart-to-Purchase Rate
Formula
(Purchases ÷ Add to Carts) × 100
Example
(150 ÷ 400) × 100 = 37.5%
Use Case
Measure checkout effectiveness

Shows how many cart additions become purchases. Target 30-50%+.

Checkout Conversion Rate
Formula
(Purchases ÷ Checkout Starts) × 100
Example
(150 ÷ 200) × 100 = 75%
Use Case
Measure checkout flow efficiency

How many checkout starters complete purchase. Below 60% suggests checkout friction.

Product Conversion Rate
Formula
(Product Purchases ÷ Product Page Views) × 100
Example
(45 ÷ 1,200) × 100 = 3.75%
Use Case
Compare individual product performance

Identifies best and worst converting products in your catalog.

Traffic Source Conversion Rate
Formula
(Source Conversions ÷ Source Visitors) × 100
Example
(80 ÷ 1,500) × 100 = 5.3%
Use Case
Evaluate channel quality

Compare performance across paid, organic, direct, social, and email traffic.

Worked Examples

Step-by-step conversion rate calculations

1

Basic Store Conversion Rate

Scenario

Your WooCommerce store had 12,500 sessions last month and 312 orders were placed.

Step-by-Step Solution
  1. 1 Identify total visitors/sessions: 12,500
  2. 2 Identify total conversions (orders): 312
  3. 3 Apply the formula: (312 ÷ 12,500) × 100
  4. 4 Conversion Rate = 2.50%
Result

Your store converts 2.5% of visitors into customers.

Interpretation

This is close to the industry average of 2-3%. There's room for improvement through CRO efforts.

2

Funnel Stage Conversion Rates

Scenario

Last week: 8,000 visitors, 640 added to cart, 280 started checkout, 196 completed purchase.

Step-by-Step Solution
  1. 1 Add-to-Cart Rate: (640 ÷ 8,000) × 100 = 8.0%
  2. 2 Cart-to-Checkout Rate: (280 ÷ 640) × 100 = 43.8%
  3. 3 Checkout Completion Rate: (196 ÷ 280) × 100 = 70.0%
  4. 4 Overall Conversion Rate: (196 ÷ 8,000) × 100 = 2.45%
Result

You lose 57% of carts before checkout, and 30% during checkout.

Interpretation

The biggest drop-off is cart abandonment. Focus on cart recovery emails and reducing checkout friction.

3

Conversion Rate by Traffic Source

Scenario

Compare conversion rates across your main traffic channels.

Step-by-Step Solution
  1. 1 Google Organic: 85 orders ÷ 4,000 sessions = 2.13%
  2. 2 Google Ads: 120 orders ÷ 3,000 sessions = 4.00%
  3. 3 Facebook Ads: 45 orders ÷ 2,500 sessions = 1.80%
  4. 4 Direct: 62 orders ÷ 3,000 sessions = 2.07%
Result

Google Ads converts at 4%, more than double Facebook Ads at 1.8%.

Interpretation

Google Ads traffic has higher purchase intent. Consider reallocating budget or improving Facebook landing pages.

4

Product-Level Conversion Rate

Scenario

Compare two products to identify optimization opportunities.

Step-by-Step Solution
  1. 1 Product A: 2,400 views, 84 purchases → (84 ÷ 2,400) × 100 = 3.5%
  2. 2 Product B: 1,800 views, 27 purchases → (27 ÷ 1,800) × 100 = 1.5%
  3. 3 Store average: 2.5%
  4. 4 Product A is 40% above average; Product B is 40% below
Result

Product A converts at 3.5% vs Product B at 1.5%.

Interpretation

Investigate why Product B underperforms: pricing, images, reviews, description. Consider A/B testing improvements.

Conversion Rate Benchmarks

How does your conversion rate compare?

Industry Averages

Segment Conversion Rate Notes
All Ecommerce 2.0% - 3.0% Global average across all stores
Fashion & Apparel 1.5% - 2.5% Lower due to sizing concerns
Health & Beauty 2.5% - 3.5% Higher repeat purchase rate
Electronics 1.0% - 2.0% Higher research, lower impulse
Food & Beverage 3.0% - 5.0% Consumables convert well
Home & Garden 2.0% - 3.0% Varies by price point

By Traffic Source

Segment Conversion Rate Notes
Email 4.0% - 6.0% Highest intent, warm audience
Direct 2.5% - 4.0% Returning customers, brand aware
Organic Search 2.0% - 3.0% High intent searchers
Paid Search 2.5% - 4.5% Targeted keywords
Social Organic 0.5% - 2.0% Discovery traffic, lower intent
Social Paid 1.0% - 2.5% Interruption-based

By Device

Segment Conversion Rate Notes
Desktop 3.0% - 4.5% Easier checkout experience
Tablet 2.5% - 3.5% Between desktop and mobile
Mobile 1.5% - 2.5% Friction, but growing share

Note: Benchmarks are industry estimates and vary by region, product type, and target audience.

How to Improve Your Conversion Rate

Proven strategies to convert more visitors into customers

High Impact

Optimize Product Pages

High-quality images, detailed descriptions, social proof (reviews), and clear CTAs. Product pages are where most buying decisions happen.

High Impact

Simplify Checkout

Reduce form fields, offer guest checkout, show progress indicators, and display trust badges. Every extra step loses customers.

High Impact

Improve Site Speed

Every 1-second delay reduces conversions by ~7%. Optimize images, use CDN, minimize scripts.

Medium Impact

Add Social Proof

Reviews, testimonials, trust badges, and 'X people bought this' indicators reduce purchase anxiety.

Medium Impact

Implement Cart Recovery

Abandoned cart emails recover 5-15% of lost sales. Send within 1 hour for best results.

Medium Impact

Offer Free Shipping

Shipping costs are the #1 reason for cart abandonment. Consider building shipping into product prices.

Common Conversion Rate Mistakes

Errors that lead to misleading metrics

Comparing Apples to Oranges

Comparing your conversion rate to unrelated industries or different business models leads to wrong conclusions.

How to Fix

Compare against your own historical data, direct competitors, and industry-specific benchmarks.

Ignoring Traffic Quality

A 5% conversion rate on 100 visitors is very different from 5% on 10,000 visitors. Low-volume rates are statistically unreliable.

How to Fix

Ensure sufficient sample size before drawing conclusions. Use confidence intervals for small samples.

Not Segmenting Data

Overall conversion rate hides important patterns. Desktop might be 4% while mobile is 1.5%.

How to Fix

Always segment by device, traffic source, new vs returning, and product category.

Chasing Rate Over Revenue

Optimizing for conversion rate alone might attract low-value customers or discount-dependent buyers.

How to Fix

Track revenue per visitor (RPV) alongside conversion rate. Balance rate with order value.

Wrong Denominator

Using pageviews instead of sessions, or mixing unique users with sessions inconsistently.

How to Fix

Standardize on sessions (most common) and apply consistently across all calculations.

Ignoring Seasonality

Comparing December conversion rates to January without accounting for seasonal shopping patterns.

How to Fix

Compare year-over-year for the same period, or use rolling averages to smooth fluctuations.

How to Track Conversion Rate in WooCommerce

Three ways to monitor conversion rates for your WooCommerce store

Option 1: WooCommerce Reports

WooCommerce's built-in reports show basic conversion data but lack funnel analysis and traffic source breakdowns.

Pros
  • Built into WooCommerce
  • No additional cost
Cons
  • No funnel stages
  • No source attribution
  • Limited insights

Option 2: Google Analytics

GA4 provides conversion tracking with funnel visualization. Requires proper Enhanced Ecommerce setup and ongoing maintenance.

Pros
  • Free to use
  • Funnel visualization
  • Traffic source data
Cons
  • Complex setup
  • Data sampling
  • Privacy restrictions
Recommended

Option 3: StoreRadar

Get conversion rates calculated automatically at every funnel stage—from product views to checkout to purchase—segmented by traffic source, device, and customer type.

Pros
  • Automatic calculation
  • Full funnel tracking
  • Source attribution
  • AI insights
Cons
  • Monthly subscription

Related Ecommerce Formulas

Other metrics that work alongside conversion rate

Formula Calculation Relationship to Conversion Rate
Cart Abandonment Rate (Abandoned Carts ÷ Created Carts) × 100 Inverse of cart-to-purchase conversion; identifies checkout friction
Revenue Per Visitor (RPV) Total Revenue ÷ Total Visitors Combines conversion rate and AOV into one efficiency metric
Average Order Value (AOV) Total Revenue ÷ Number of Orders Conversion rate × AOV = Revenue per visitor
Bounce Rate (Single-Page Sessions ÷ Total Sessions) × 100 High bounce rates reduce conversion opportunities
Customer Lifetime Value (LTV) AOV × Purchase Frequency × Customer Lifespan Conversion is first step; LTV measures long-term value

Explore more ecommerce formulas and calculators

Frequently Asked Questions

Common questions about conversion rate

The conversion rate formula is: Conversion Rate = (Number of Conversions ÷ Total Visitors) × 100. For example, if 50 out of 2,000 visitors make a purchase, your conversion rate is (50 ÷ 2,000) × 100 = 2.5%.

The average ecommerce conversion rate is 2-3%. A 'good' rate is 3-5%, while top-performing stores achieve 5%+. However, rates vary significantly by industry, traffic source, and product type. Compare against your own historical performance and industry benchmarks.

A conversion is any desired action. In ecommerce, it's typically a completed purchase. However, you can track micro-conversions like add-to-cart, email signups, or account creation. Define your conversion based on your specific goals.

Use the same formula but segment by source: Source Conversion Rate = (Conversions from Source ÷ Visitors from Source) × 100. This reveals which channels bring the highest-quality traffic. Paid traffic often converts differently than organic or direct traffic.

Conversion rate measures the percentage of visitors who complete a desired action (like purchasing). Click-through rate (CTR) measures the percentage of people who click on a link or ad. CTR happens before the visit; conversion rate happens after.

Both are valid but measure different things. Session-based conversion rate (conversions ÷ sessions) accounts for return visits. User-based conversion rate (conversions ÷ unique users) measures what percentage of people convert. Session-based is more common in ecommerce.

Track Conversion Rates Automatically

StoreRadar calculates conversion rates across your entire funnel—from product views to purchases—so you can identify exactly where you're losing customers.

Start Free Trial ->

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